Before delving into the salary structure of a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO), it’s crucial to understand the distinction between an SDO and a Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM). While the full form of SDO is Sub Divisional Officer and SDM is Sub Divisional Magistrate, the difference extends beyond just their titles of ‘Officer’ and ‘Magistrate’. Let’s explore this further.
SDO vs SDM: Is SDO same as SDM?
Yes, an SDO (Sub-Divisional Officer) and an SDM (Sub-Divisional Magistrate) typically denote the same position, despite their differing titles. The SDM’s responsibilities encompass both law and order and general administrative duties within a sub-division. In contrast, the SDO often takes on a more specialized administrative role within particular departments, such as Revenue, Irrigation, or Public Works. Within the revenue department, these two designations commonly refer to the same individual, frequently a Group A officer recruited through UPSC or a State PSC, like BPSC in Bihar. Therefore, for most practical purposes, SDO and SDM are synonymous. Before we examine SDO salaries across various states, consider reading the detailed BPSC Salary Structure 2025. You can also explore:SDM Salary in India 2025 with Pay Scale, Perks & Growth Opportunities for Sub-Divisional Magistrates
SDO Salary in Bihar 2025
In Bihar, as of 2025, a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO), who may also be referred to as an SDM or Deputy Collector, receives a Level 9 salary under the 7th Pay Commission. Their basic pay is approximately ₹53,100, supplemented by allowances such as Dearness Allowance (DA), House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), and medical benefits. Consequently, their total monthly salary typically ranges from ₹61,500 and ₹72,000, contingent on their posting location. Annually, an SDO in Bihar can anticipate an income of around ₹7.2 to ₹9.2 lakh.
The core responsibilities of a Bihar SDO include:
The Bihar SDO holds a significant role in the district’s local administration. Appointed through the Bihar Public Service Commission, the SDO’s duties involve upholding law and order, revenue collection, land record management, election oversight, and coordinating disaster relief. They act as a vital connection between the district administration and local community leaders. Additionally, the SDO is vested with certain judicial powers for minor civil and criminal matters. This position carries substantial responsibility and offers extensive public interaction. For a comprehensive comparison, review theKerala Administrative Service Collector Salary and KAS Officer Salary
SDO Salary in MP(Madhya Pradesh)
In Madhya Pradesh, a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO), appointed through the MPPSC State Service Exam, commences their service at Pay Level 10 under the 7th CPC. As of 2025, their basic salary is fixed at ₹56,100. Beyond the basic pay, they receive a Dearness Allowance (DA) of about 38% (around ₹21,318) and a House Rent Allowance (HRA) ranging from ₹4,920 to ₹14,760, determined by their posting location. Consequently, a newly appointed SDO can anticipate a monthly take-home salary between ₹78,000 and ₹85,000. The gross monthly income, inclusive of allowances and entry-level pay, typically increases over time with DA increments, promotions, and state-specific benefits. Experienced SDOs in government departments such as PWD and Forest Services can expect an annual salary between ₹10–13 Lakh. For further comparison, examine theSalary of Deputy Collector in MP( Madhya Pradesh) Per Month and In-Hand Salary
SDO Salary in UP(Uttar Pradesh)
As of 2025, a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO) in Uttar Pradesh typically receives a salary categorized under Pay Level 10 of the 7th Pay Commission, with monthly earnings ranging from ₹56,100 and ₹1,77,500. Beyond this basic remuneration, SDOs are entitled to Dearness Allowance (DA), House Rent Allowance (HRA), Travel Allowance (TA), and additional benefits, which vary based on their posting and specific department, such as PWD, irrigation, or revenue. This comprehensive package means their average monthly take-home pay can be approximately ₹70,000 to ₹1,00,000.
The SDO position is a Group B Gazetted Officer role, entailing significant administrative duties. For instance, SDOs in the Revenue department function as executive magistrates within their assigned areas, while those in PWD or Energy manage projects and public utility services. An SDO’s salary increases with years of service, promotions, and transfers, and they also receive pension and retirement benefits upon leaving service.
To become a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO) in Uttar Pradesh, aspiring candidates must successfully clear the UPPSC Combined State/Upper Subordinate Services Exam, commonly known as the PCS exam. This competitive examination comprises three stages: Prelims, Mains, and a Personal Interview. Candidates are also required to possess a Bachelor’s degree from a recognized university. High-ranking candidates on the merit list are allocated to various Group B posts, including SDO roles in departments such as Revenue, PWD, Irrigation, and Energy. Further details can be found in:UPPSC Salary Structure 2025 with Pay Scale, In-Hand Salary & Allowances
SDO Salary in Jharkhand
In Jharkhand, the position of a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO) is typically classified under Pay Level 7 of the 7th Central Pay Commission pay scale. Their basic monthly salary ranges from ₹44,900 to about ₹1,42,400. Currently, with the Dearness Allowance (DA) set at 53%, an entry-level SDO, starting at ₹44,900, receives around ₹23,800 in DA. This elevates their combined basic and DA salary to approximately ₹68,700, prior to the inclusion of other allowances such as House Rent Allowance (HRA) and Travel Allowance (TA). Following deductions like NPS and taxes, the net monthly take-home pay usually falls between ₹65,000 and ₹75,000, influenced by the posting location.
For SDOs employed in the electricity department, such as with Jharkhand Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited, the compensation structure remains largely consistent. In addition to the base pay and DA, there may be special duty or risk allowances for fieldwork, which can differ by department. When these additional allowances are factored in, the total salary could escalate to ₹75,000 to ₹85,000, leading to a take-home pay of around ₹70,000 to ₹80,000 per month, again dependent on the specific role and associated benefits. For related information, see:Assistant Development Extension Officer Salary Per Month and Job Profile
SDO Salary in Nagaland
In Nagaland, Sub-Divisional Officers (SDOs) recruited via the State Public Service Commission (NPSC) historically commenced at Pay Level 13 in the 7th Pay Commission pay scale. This means their basic salary falls between ₹15,600 and ₹39,100, plus some Grade Pay. (per older scales) With the revised pay structure, SDOs are now placed at Pay Level 7, where their basic pay ranges from ₹26,400 to ₹83,600, along with a Dearness Allowance of about 31%. Incorporating other allowances such as DA, HRA, TA, and state-specific benefits (e.g., a Special Duty Allowance for service in the North East), the overall monthly salary for an SDO in Nagaland typically ranges between ₹50,000 and ₹1,20,000, based on their experience, specific posting, and any additional perks they are eligible for.
Securing an SDO (Sub-Divisional Officer) position in Nagaland necessitates successfully clearing the Nagaland Public Service Commission (NPSC) exam, which comprises a preliminary test, a main examination, and an interview. Candidates are selected based on their performance and preferences, leading to placements in various departments including Revenue, Engineering, or Administration.
In summary, an SDO’s salary is subject to several determining factors:
- Posting Location
- State(State Public Service Commission)
- Seniority and Experience
- Government regulations
For related information, see:WBCS Officer Salary Structure, Pay Scale & Benefits for West Bengal Civil Service
What is SDO Full Form in Hindi?
In several states, including Bihar and Jharkhand, SDOs are traditionally referred to by their Hindi equivalents. SDO Full Form in Hindi is उप-विभागीय अधिकारी. Additionally, the full form of SDO in Hindi is also recognized as उप-मंडल अधिकारी (Up-Mandal Adhikari). Both “उप-मंडल अधिकारी (Up-Mandal Adhikari)” and “उप-प्रभागीय अधिकारी (Up-Vibhagiya Adhikari)” — are used, with a key distinction:
- “उप-मंडल अधिकारी” stands as the most frequently used and broadly accepted Hindi full form of SDO in states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and many others.
- “उप-प्रभागीय अधिकारी” (Up-Vibhagiya Adhikari) is also accurate and appears in some official documentation or specific regions, particularly where “प्रभाग” (Prabhag) denotes “division” rather than “मंडल” (mandal).
SDO Vs. BDO: Salary, Job Profile and Powers
The roles of SDO (Sub-Divisional Officer) and BDO (Block Development Officer) within the Indian government are distinct, each carrying specific responsibilities. An SDO serves as a gazetted officer overseeing a sub-division, an administrative unit comprising multiple blocks and forming part of a larger district. The SDO’s mandate is extensive, encompassing duties such as revenue collection, upholding law and order, resolving land disputes, and coordinating various government departments at the sub-divisional level. These officers typically secure their positions through State PSC exams and hold a higher rank within the administrative hierarchy. For detailed information, consult:Sub Registrar Officer Salary Per Month, Post and Qualifications.
In contrast, a BDO’s responsibilities are confined to a single block, which is smaller than the sub-division. The BDO primarily focuses on developmental initiatives, including the implementation of rural development schemes, supervision of Panchayati Raj institutions, and monitoring welfare projects. While SDOs oversee multiple blocks, BDOs report to the SDO. Essentially, an SDO administers several blocks, whereas a BDO concentrates on development efforts within one block. Further details are available in:Block Development Officer Salary 2025, BDO Full form and BDO Officer Salary Per Month
How to Become a SDO?
Becoming a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO) in India involves a structured process. The initial requirement is to obtain a degree from a recognized university in any discipline. Subsequently, candidates must apply for the State Public Service Commission (SPSC) exam in their respective state (e.g., BPSC, UPPSC, MPSC, or NPSC). The selection procedure typically includes a Preliminary Exam, a Mains Exam, and a Personal Interview. Successful candidates, based on their merit list rankings, choices, and qualifications, are appointed to various administrative roles, including SDO. Upon selection, candidates undergo state administrative training before being assigned as SDOs in departments such as Revenue, Land Records, or Rural Development. The SDO position is generally categorized as a Group B gazetted post, although in certain states, it may fall under Group A. It is a position endowed with authority and significant responsibilities, demanding a combination of academic proficiency, general awareness, and leadership capabilities. To contextualize SDO salaries, compare them with:Deputy Superintendent of Police Salary( DSP)Tehsildar Salary and Naib Tehsildar SalaryAssistant Commissioner of PoliceRevenue Inspector Salary Per Month 2025Assistant Agriculture Officer Salary Per Month 2025